Overview
The term fiber optics is now a commonly known term as it refers to a technology that uses glass or plastic threads known as fibers to facilitate transmission of data. The cable consists of a bundle of glass threads each of which is capable of transmitting messages that are modulated by light waves.
Optical Transceivers
fiber optic transceiver is a device that is used to facilitate transmission and receiving of optical signals in an optical network. These transceivers facilitate the bi-directional data transmission between electronic devices such as computers, input/output systems, peripheral devices and switches with optical data links in the optic systems.
Fiber Transceiver Interfacing
These transceivers can interface with single mode or multi-mode fiber cables. The single mode consist of an optical fiber that allows only one mode to propagate. The fiber has a very small core diameter and permits single transmission at extremely high bandwidth over very long transmission distances.
A multi-mode is a fiber optic cable that supports the transmission of multiple modes. It has a bigger diameter with a refractive index that is graded or stepped. It allows the use of LED light sources and connector alignment. The distance of transmission is less than that of single mode due to dispersion.
The Fiber Optic Relay system
The relay system consists of four main components;
1. The Transmitter - This is the section that is used to produce and encode the light signals.
2. The optical receiver - Is the section that receives and decodes the received light signals
3. Optical fiber - Is the section that is used to conduct the light signals over the distance to be traveled.
4. Optical generator - It is the section where the light is boosted to facilitate traveling over long distances.
The working of fiber optic transceivers
The optic transceivers consist of an optic transmitter and an optic receiver in a single module. They are specially arranged in parallel so that they can smoothly operate independently of each other. Both the receiver at one end and the transmitter at the other end have their own circuitry and can handle transmissions in both directions.
The transmitter is used to convert an electrical signal into an optical signal that is then coupled with a connector and transmitted through an optical cable. A light at the cable's end is then coupled to a receiver where a detector converts this light back into an electrical signal by the use of either LED or a laser diode as the source of light.
Light Sources
When selecting a light source, it is quite important to consider the transmission distance. These sources are;
1. LEDs - They are used mainly for short to moderate transmission distances as their spectral output is usually very broad but generally far less focused than a laser.
2. Laser Diodes - They are more expensive than LEDs and are required for long distance transmissions. The three types of diodes used are Fabry-Perot, DFB, and the VCSEL.
The term fiber optics is now a commonly known term as it refers to a technology that uses glass or plastic threads known as fibers to facilitate transmission of data. The cable consists of a bundle of glass threads each of which is capable of transmitting messages that are modulated by light waves.
Optical Transceivers
fiber optic transceiver is a device that is used to facilitate transmission and receiving of optical signals in an optical network. These transceivers facilitate the bi-directional data transmission between electronic devices such as computers, input/output systems, peripheral devices and switches with optical data links in the optic systems.
Fiber Transceiver Interfacing
These transceivers can interface with single mode or multi-mode fiber cables. The single mode consist of an optical fiber that allows only one mode to propagate. The fiber has a very small core diameter and permits single transmission at extremely high bandwidth over very long transmission distances.
A multi-mode is a fiber optic cable that supports the transmission of multiple modes. It has a bigger diameter with a refractive index that is graded or stepped. It allows the use of LED light sources and connector alignment. The distance of transmission is less than that of single mode due to dispersion.
The Fiber Optic Relay system
The relay system consists of four main components;
1. The Transmitter - This is the section that is used to produce and encode the light signals.
2. The optical receiver - Is the section that receives and decodes the received light signals
3. Optical fiber - Is the section that is used to conduct the light signals over the distance to be traveled.
4. Optical generator - It is the section where the light is boosted to facilitate traveling over long distances.
The working of fiber optic transceivers
The optic transceivers consist of an optic transmitter and an optic receiver in a single module. They are specially arranged in parallel so that they can smoothly operate independently of each other. Both the receiver at one end and the transmitter at the other end have their own circuitry and can handle transmissions in both directions.
The transmitter is used to convert an electrical signal into an optical signal that is then coupled with a connector and transmitted through an optical cable. A light at the cable's end is then coupled to a receiver where a detector converts this light back into an electrical signal by the use of either LED or a laser diode as the source of light.
Light Sources
When selecting a light source, it is quite important to consider the transmission distance. These sources are;
1. LEDs - They are used mainly for short to moderate transmission distances as their spectral output is usually very broad but generally far less focused than a laser.
2. Laser Diodes - They are more expensive than LEDs and are required for long distance transmissions. The three types of diodes used are Fabry-Perot, DFB, and the VCSEL.
When purchasing fiber optic transceivers, you should make sure that they meet at least the following minimum conditions.
1. Should comply with the IEEE 802.3 10Base-FL standard.
2. Should have a flexible selection for half duplex and full duplex mode
3. Should support data transfer rate for at least 10Mbps for the full duplex mode.
4. Should have a selectable SQE test function.
5. Should support LED indications for the Transmit, Receive, Link and Collision status.
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